Hosted by Louise Govier, this film shows how nineteenth-century French artists exploited new subject matter, such as the bourgeoisie at leisure, new ways of composing paintings and depicting spatial form, and new ways of applying paint, to produce a variety of 'modern' works. It explores the experimental nature of avant-garde French painting in the second half of the century, looking also at the work of academic painters like Ingres to understand why these developments caused such an uproar.